Spetzler-Martin grading system
Neurology
Also known as: Spetzler-Martin-Klassifikation · Spetzler-Martin sınıflaması · Spetzler-Martin grade (brain arteriovenous malformation)
What it is for
Spetzler-Martin grade: grades a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) by nidus size, eloquence of adjacent brain and venous drainage; the points are summed to grade I-V.
Classification
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Nidus size (largest diameter on angiography) | under 3 cm: 1 point; 3-6 cm: 2 points; over 6 cm: 3 points. |
| Eloquence of adjacent brain | eloquent: 1 point; non-eloquent: 0. Eloquent areas: sensorimotor, language and visual cortex, hypothalamus and thalamus, internal capsule, brainstem, cerebellar peduncles, deep cerebellar nuclei. |
| Venous drainage | any deep drainage (e.g. internal cerebral veins, basal veins, precentral cerebellar vein): 1 point; superficial only: 0. |
| Grade | sum of points = grade I to V; grade VI was used for lesions regarded as inoperable (e.g. diffuse nidus within eloquent brain). |
| Spetzler-Ponce 3-tier (2011) | class A = grades I-II; class B = grade III; class C = grades IV-V. |
Source
A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformations
J Neurosurg 1986;65:476–483 (Spetzler RF, Martin NA)
DOI: 10.3171/jns.1986.65.4.0476
PMID: 3760956
- Edition
- Spetzler-Martin 1986 (grades I-V, plus VI); Spetzler-Ponce 3-tier classes 2011
- Checked on
Summary of the published classification in our own words. Not a substitute for the original publication.
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