Forrest classification
Gastroenterology and hepatology
Also known as: Forrest-Klassifikation · Forrest sınıflaması · Forrest classification (peptic ulcer bleeding)
What it is for
Endoscopic classification of a bleeding peptic ulcer by its stigmata of recent haemorrhage, describing what is seen in the ulcer at endoscopy.
Classification
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Forrest Ia | active spurting (arterial) bleeding |
| Forrest Ib | active oozing bleeding |
| Forrest IIa | non-bleeding visible vessel |
| Forrest IIb | adherent clot on the ulcer |
| Forrest IIc | flat pigmented spot (haematin) on the ulcer base |
| Forrest III | clean ulcer base |
| Groups | I = active bleeding; II = signs of recent bleeding; III = no stigmata of bleeding |
Source
Endoscopy in gastrointestinal bleeding
Lancet 1974;2:394–397 (Forrest JA, Finlayson ND, Shearman DJ)
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(74)91770-x
PMID: 4136718
- Edition
- Forrest 1974, in the six-grade form (Ia–III) in current use
- Checked on
Summary of the published classification in our own words. Not a substitute for the original publication.
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