Clavien-Dindo classification
Surgery and anaesthesia
Also known as: Clavien-Dindo-Klassifikation · Clavien-Dindo sınıflaması · Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications
What it is for
The Clavien-Dindo classification grades a postoperative complication by the therapy that was needed to deal with it. Grades:
Classification
| Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Grade I | any deviation from the normal postoperative course without drug treatment beyond antiemetics, antipyretics, analgesics, diuretics, electrolytes and physiotherapy, and without surgical, endoscopic or radiological intervention; wound infections opened at the bedside also count here. |
| Grade II | needed drug treatment beyond the grade I drugs; blood transfusion and total parenteral nutrition are included. |
| Grade IIIa | needed a surgical, endoscopic or radiological intervention not under general anaesthesia. |
| Grade IIIb | needed such an intervention under general anaesthesia. |
| Grade IVa | life-threatening complication (including central nervous system events such as brain haemorrhage, ischaemic stroke or subarachnoid bleeding, not TIA) needing intermediate or intensive care, with single-organ dysfunction (including dialysis). |
| Grade IVb | as IV, with multi-organ dysfunction. |
| Grade V | death of the patient. |
| Suffix d | added to the grade when the complication persists at discharge ("disability"), meaning follow-up is needed to assess it fully. |
Source
Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey
Ann Surg 2004;240:205–213 (Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA)
DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae
PMID: 15273542
- Edition
- Dindo, Demartines, Clavien 2004 (grades I–V with suffix d; unchanged in the 2009 five-year review)
- Checked on
Summary of the published classification in our own words. Not a substitute for the original publication.
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